Zhuo Wenjun

Zhuo Wenjun (175-121 BCE) was from Linqiong in Shu Commandery (modern-day Qionglai, Sichuan Province) during the Western Han Dynasty. Born into a wealthy merchant family, her father Zhuo Wangsun was a renowned iron industrialist who accumulated vast wealth. From childhood, she displayed exceptional intelligence and talent, mastering all the traditional feminine arts. She was particularly skilled at playing the qin, her musical performances being described as transcendent and emotionally moving. Beyond her physical beauty, she possessed remarkable literary talent, composing poetry that was both delicate and profound. In 135 BCE, the famous poet Sima Xiangru was visiting Linqiong. At a banquet, he performed "Phoenix Seeks Mate" on the qin, a piece that deeply moved Zhuo Wenjun. They fell in love at first sight, but faced strong opposition from her father, who disapproved of their relationship. Defying convention, Zhuo Wenjun eloped with Sima Xiangru, returning to Chengdu. Facing poverty, they opened a tavern to make ends meet - Zhuo Wenjun served wine while Sima Xiangru washed dishes. This period became known as "Wenjun Tending Tavern," a story celebrated throughout Chinese history. Eventually, Zhuo Wangsun was moved by their genuine love and provided financial support. Sima Xiangru's "Rhapsody of Sir Vacuous" and "Rhapsody of the Imperial Park" gained Emperor Wu's recognition, leading to an official position in the capital. Zhuo Wenjun remained in Chengdu, composing deeply moving poetry during their separation. In later years, when Sima Xiangru considered taking a concubine, Zhuo Wenjun wrote "Lament for My Husband" expressing her sorrow. Deeply touched, Sima Xiangru abandoned the idea, and their love was restored. Their love story remains one of China's most celebrated romantic legends.